wingrefa.blogg.se - Definition en masse

Prenatal Ultrasound Evaluation and Outcome of Pregnancy with Fetal Cystic Hygromas and Lymphangiomas. | Open in Read by QxMDĬhen Y-N, Chen C-P, Lin C-J, Chen S-W. Cystic hygroma and potential airway obstruction in a newborn: a case report and review of the literature. Sannoh S, Quezada E, Merer DM, Moscatello A, Golombek SG. Thyroglossal duct and other congenital midline cervical anomalies. | Open in Read by QxMDįoley DS, Fallat ME. Congenital Cervical Cysts, Sinuses and Fistulae. Prognosis: Recurrence is common following surgical excision of extensive hygromas.Īcierno SP, Waldhausen JH.

Treatment : : Small masses may regress spontaneously, but surgical excision is usually indicated to prevent infection or airway compromise, as well as for cosmesis.

CT or MRI may be used to further assess anatomical structures for surgical planning.

Prenatal ultrasound : fluid-filled neck mass with or without septations.

Can cause dysphagia or airway compromise.

Present at birth as a soft, compressible, painless, posterior triangle neck mass.

Strongly associated with fetal aneuploidy (e.g., Turner syndrome, trisomy 21 ) and congenital malformations (e.g., congenital heart defects ).

Definition: a congenital lymphatic cyst (macrocystic lymphangi oma) in the posterior triangle of the neck caused by malformation and obstruction of the fetal lymphatic system.

Complications : : infection of the cyst, tract, or sinus, with possible abscess formationīranchial cleft cysts manifest as a painless, firm neck mass lateral to the midline.

Treatment : : complete surgical excision of both the cyst and any associated tracts.

CT or MRI to further assess anatomical structures for surgical planning.

There may be a small draining opening if a fistula is present.

Located lateral to the midline, usually anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle.

Clinical features: usually diagnosed in late childhood or in adulthood after a previously undiagnosed cyst becomes infected.

Pathophysiology : : formed due to incomplete obliteration of branchial clefts and pouches.∼ 95% of all branchial cleft malformations are anomalies of the second branchial cleft.Accounts for ∼ 20% of pediatric neck masses.Definition: remnants of the embryological second branchial cleft or cervical sinus, which normally regresses before birth.Thyroglossal duct cysts manifest as a painless, firm, midline neck mass that moves with swallowing and tongue movement. Malignancy arising from ectopic thyroid tissue.Sinus tract formation with persistent drainage.Infection of the cyst with possible abscess formation.Treatment of any active infection with antibiotics before surgery.Elective surgical excision ( Sistrunk procedure ) to prevent infection : includes removal of the cyst, a portion of the hyoid bone, and excision of tissue comprising the path of descent from the foramen cecum.If an infection is suspected, fine needle aspiration should be performed for Gram stain and culture (including AFB and mycobacterial culture).Allows for assessment of anatomical location, relation, and extent of the cyst as well as its relation to normal orthotopic thyroid tissue.Thyroglossal duct cysts are demonstrated as well-defined lesions with homogenous fluid attenuation and surrounding rim enhancement, typically close to the hyoid bone.Contrast-enhanced CT of the neck: preferred imaging modality.In the absence of ectopy, it is important to assess the anatomical relation of the cyst to the thyroid for preoperative planning.Patients with thyroglossal duct cysts can have an ectopic thyroid gland.Ultrasound of the neck to evaluate the cyst and confirm the location of the thyroid.May cause dysphagia or neck/throat pain if the cyst enlarges.Painless, firm, midline neck mass that elevates with swallowing and tongue protrusion.Clinical features: The cyst is present from birth and is usually detected during early childhood.If the thyroglossal duct fails to obliterate, midline neck cysts or ectopic thyroid tissue can develop anywhere along its path.The thyroid gland originates from the foramen cecum at the base of the tongue and descends caudally into the neck, forming the thyroglossal duct.Second most common neck abnormality after lymphadenopathy.Definition: a remnant of the thyroglossal duct, which forms during the embryonic development of the thyroid gland and normally regresses before birth.